Notizia - Recent Pharma, Healthcare and Biotech Happenings
Dec 16, 2019
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Bipolar Disorder is characterized by frequent-shifts in the mood and is a manic-depressive disorder hampering the routine life of an individual.
According to the American Psychiatric Association, there are four major types of bipolar disorder: Bipolar I disorder, Bipolar II disorder, Cyclothymic disorder, and Bipolar disorder due to another medical or substance abuse disorder.
However, all of these types involve fluctuations in mood and energy levels, but they differ in their phases of the depression (extremely disheartened, low) and manic (extremely energized, up) caused.
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As per National Alliance on Mental Illness (NAMI), Bi-polar disorder equally affects men and women.
As per a study conducted by Vos et al., Bipolar disorder was labeled as the 18th most prevalent debilitating and disabling disorder in the world.
According to a study, an estimated 2.9 percent of all the Americans are diagnosed with Bipolar disorder and out of which 83 percent of the cases are categorized under severe.
Bipolar disorder prevalence in the US is about 2.8 percent. Approximately 83% of cases of bipolar disorder are classified as “severe”.
According to a study “Bipolar disorders” conducted by Eduard Vieta et al., the estimated lifetime Bipolar disorder I prevalence is 0.6%, and it is 0.4% for bipolar II disorder. The prevalence is 1.4% for sub-threshold manifestations of bipolar disorders and 2.4% for the broader spectrum of bipolar disorders.
Community-based epidemiological studies reported by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence states that lifetime prevalence rates in Europe vary from 0.1% to 2.4%”
The origin of Bi-polar disorder is still uncertain.
The etiology of the disorder is still not fully understood. However, research in an attempt to disclose the underlying root cause of the disease is going on. The research in the last decade points out various factors including genetic makeup of any individual, progression of the disease, and certain gene-environment interactions.
Bipolar disorder is a multifactorial illness involving episodes of severe mood disturbance, neuropsychological deficits, immunological and physiological changes, and disturbances in functioning.
Bipolar disorder treatment includes medication, psychotherapy, education, and self-management strategies. External supports from family, friends and support groups are also much required by Bipolar disorder patients.
Medications are an important part of treating Bipolar disorder. The conventional Bipolar disorder medications include mood stabilizers (e.g., lithium, valproate, lamotrigine, and carbamazepine), atypical antipsychotics, and antidepressants.
Pharmacologic Bipolar disorder medications are taken on a regular basis.
The Bipolar disorder treatment market includes FDA-approved drugs such as lithium, lamotrigine, valproate, carbamazepine, and most atypical antipsychotic medications, as per the American Psychiatric Association (APA).
The first to gain approval from the US FDA, Lithium so far remains the most effective medicine for the prevention of acute mania in the Bipolar treatment market. Similarly, Valproate, a mood-stabilized, also prevents manic fits and works in the brain tissues.
Psychotherapy is also an important part of the Bipolar disorder treatment process. It involves cognitive behavioral therapy and family-focused therapies that help the Bipolar patients and their care-takers to cope up with the negative, and depressive feelings.
Olanzapine-fluoxetine combination, Lurasidone, and Quetiapine are the three FDA-approved agents for effective Bipolar disorder treatment.
Olanzapine-fluoxetine combination is the only FDA-approved antidepressant for treating depressions associated with Bipolar disorder. This is due to the controversy that remains about the use of antidepressant drugs in managing depressive episodes.
Few of the therapies that recently entered the Bipolar disorder market are Licarbazepine (Novartis), FK949E (Astellas Pharma), Asenapine (Merck), ziprasidone (Pfizer), Aripiprazole (Bristol-Myers Squibb/Otsuka Pharmaceutical) and Risperidone (Janssen).
Several off-label drugs are also administered to Bipolar disorder patients since they were able to perform better during the trials in reducing the intensity of the depressions. These include anticonvulsants (such as Divalproex and lamotrigine), olanzapine monotherapy and combined lithium and lamotrigine therapy make treatment of bipolar disorder complex, including the fluctuation of mood episodes and the effects of these episodes on patient well-being, treatment nonadherence, side effects to drugs, and comorbid psychiatric disorders. Improved understanding of the mechanisms underlying the regulation of emotions, maturation and brain function in healthy individuals will help to identify specific circuits and pathways as targets for novel therapeutic approaches.
The Bipolar disorder market size is expected to increase during the forecast period of [2019–2028]. The major Bipolar disorder market drivers such as increasing prevalent population, acceptance of the patients in the society, technological advancements and a strong Bipolar disorder therapies are anticipated to steer the Bipolar disorder market in forward direction.
The Bipolar Disorder market dynamics are anticipated to change during the forecasted period owing to the expected launch of emerging therapies during the forecast period.
Current Bipolar disorder treatments are still at the naïve stage. Insufficiency and lack of substantial Bipolar disorder therapies, and delayed onset of action are the current unmet needs in the Bipolar disorder market. This leads to relapses of Bipolar disorder in the patients leading to disability. However, Key pharma players such as Lundbeck, Otsuka Pharmaceutical, Intra–Cellular Therapies, and Sage Therapeutics have products in the pipeline with the aim to target novel therapeutic targets effectively.
Recent decades have also observed major advancements in the Bipolar disorder treatment market with a reduction in the relapsing of the disorder. The governments of several nations are also allocating funds to advance the Bipolar disorder market size.
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