Acute Kidney Injury is defined as a sudden advent of kidney failure or damage due to the accumulation of waste products in the bloodstream resulting in improper fluid outflow. It is profoundly evident in elderly patients who are hospitalized, especially in intensive care units. The reported incident cases range from 22% to 67% of admissions. The indication is widely associated with an array of organs that get affected, such as coronary heart disease, chronic kidney disease, diabetes, etc. It emerges as an ailment in about 5–30% of patients who undergo cardiothoracic surgery, based on the definition used for AKI. If AKI appears after major abdominal surgery, the risk o...
