Active implantable medical devices (AIMDs) represent one of the most transformative categories of modern medical technology, combining electronics, materials science, and clinical medicine to deliver therapy or monitoring from within the human body itself. Unlike passive implants such as joint prostheses or vascular stents, these devices rely on an internal or externally coupled energy source to power sensing, computation, and therapeutic delivery. Over the past six decades, AIMDs have evolved from simple, fixed-rate cardiac pacemakers into sophisticated, connected systems capable of adapting therapy in real time, communicating wirelessly with clinicians, and integrat...
