The treatment landscape for locally advanced Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC) presents a challenge, with conventional approaches such as surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy offering modest success rates. Despite these interventions, less than half of patients achieve disease-free status at 2 years, and 5-year survival rates linger between 40–50%. This underscores the urgent need for novel therapeutic strategies to improve outcomes in this patient population.
Emerging evidence suggests that both chemotherapy and radiotherapy can modulate the tumor immune microenvironment, potentially enhancing PD-L1 expression and thus opening avenues for exploring imm...
