Cancer vaccines represent a novel approach in cancer treatment, leveraging the body's immune system to identify and eradicate cancer cells. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent infectious diseases, cancer vaccines aim to stimulate an immune response against specific proteins found on cancer cells, potentially preventing cancer recurrence and impeding tumor progression. Recent strides in personalized medicine have facilitated the development of tailored cancer vaccines, which target individual tumor characteristics, thereby enhancing efficacy while minimizing adverse effects. Despite some setbacks in the past, ongoing research in immunotherapy, including cancer vac...