The development of tumor therapy in cancer immunotherapy has been aided by programmed death receptor-1 and programmed death protein ligand inhibitors. Since its discovery in 1990, the programmed cell death protein 1 receptor (PD-1) receptor has been known to negatively regulate T-cell mediated immune response via its interaction with the PDL1 ligand. Activation of PD1/PDL1 signaling has been suggested as a mechanism for tumors to invade an antigen-specific T-cell immunologic response in preclinical studies.
Several immunomodulatory agents that target immune checkpoints are available. The FDA has approved PDL1 to treat a variety of cancers, including lung cancer, ma...
